Chemistry Help?!?!?!?!?

Okay I final exam on Friday and I need help with both understanding and solving these problems so can someone please help me because I truly am trying to understand how to address and arrive to an answer for these questions.

1) choose the species with the highest first ionization:

Na+ or Ne.....The book says that the answers is Ne but why I don't understand??

another had the same question but with these three options C,N, Si....the answer was N but why? Isn't ionization about how hard it is to pull an electron out of the orbital so why wouldn't it be carbon it has a p orbital just like N??

also how do you find the element with the highest second ionization energy??

2)find the answer with the largest atomic radius

S or S-2...the answer was S-2 but I don't understand why, I thought atomic radius increase from right to left so why is S-2 bigger??

I would really appreciate the help and I thank you very much in advance :)