Biology Help plzz!! I already did some. I just need help with the other?
Please type out your answers to each question and save as a word document.
Answer the questions below. When you are finished, submit this assignment to your teacher by the due date for full credit.
Part 1: Monohybrid Cross—Predicting Freckles in an F1 Generation
Apply your understanding of how alleles assort and combine during reproduction to evaluate a scenario involving a monohybrid cross.
The allele for having freckles (F) is dominant over the allele for not having freckles (f). Having freckles is a dominant trait, and the lack of freckles is a recessive trait. In this example, a person with freckles is represented as either FF or Ff, and a person with no freckles is represented as ff.
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1. Imagine a mother and a father who both have freckles and are heterozygous for the trait, or Ff. They are the P generation, or parent generation. Create a Punnett square to show their offspring, the F1 generation.
Answer:
Part 1 Punnett Square
F f
F FF Ff
f fF ff
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2. Calculate the ratios of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1 generation.
Answer:
Genotypes: FF:Ff:ff=1:2:1
Phenotypes: freckles: no Freckles=3:1
Part 2: Incomplete Dominance—Predicting Flower Color in Snapdragons
Snapdragons are popular garden plants that produce brightly colored flowers. When a plant that is homozygous for white flowers is crossed with a plant that is homozygous for red flowers, all offspring are pink. Snapdragons are an example of a plant that exhibits an inheritance pattern called incomplete dominance.
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3. Determine the genotype of each parent plant and write them below. Use W to indicate the allele for white flowers and R to indicate the allele for red flowers.
Answer:
Genotype of homozygous parent plant with white flowers: WW
Genotype of homozygous parent plant with red flowers: RR
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4. The two parent plants are the P generation, or parent generation. Create a Punnett square to show their offspring, the F1 generation.
Answer:
Part 1 Punnett Square
P p
P PP Pp
p pP pp
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5. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1 generation snapdragons?
Answer: All F1 plants are RW, a combination of red and white. Since this plant exhibits incomplete dominance, all F1 snapdragons are pink.
Part 3: Incomplete Dominance—Predicting Flower Color in F2 Generation Snapdragons
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6. Create a Punnett square showing a cross between the two F1 plants from the cross above. Their offspring are the F2 generation.
Answer:
Part 2 Punnett Square
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7. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2 generation?
Answer:
Part 4: Multiple Alleles—Codominance in ABO blood types
As you read in the online lab, human blood type is determined by multiple alleles that show a type of inheritance called codominance. Recall that the alleles that determine blood type are IA, IB, and i. IA and IB are both dominant over i, while neither IA nor IB is dominant when they combine. Use this table to help you determine the genotypes associated with each blood type.
Blood Type (Phenotype) Allele Possible Genotype(s) Possible Allele(s)
A IA AA or AO IAIA or IAi
B IB BB or BO IBIB or IBi
AB IAIB AB IAIB
O i OO ii
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8. Cross 2 parents, one that has the genotype IAi and the other that has the genotype IBi. Create a Punnett square to calculate the possible genotypes of their children.
Answer:
Part 3 Punnett Square
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9. Look at the table at the beginning of Part 3. What are the possible phenotypes (blood types) of the children?
Answer:
Part 5: Sex-Linked Inheritance—Predicting Color Blindness in Offspring
Recall that females have two X chromosomes (XX): one from the mother and one from the father. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY); the X chromosome comes from the mother, and the Y chromosome comes from the father. Traits associated with genes located on the sex chromosomes are called sex-linked traits.
Individuals with the sex-linked condition called red-green color blindness do not perceive the colors red and green. Red-green color blindness is caused by the recessive allele c and is carried on the X chromosome. The dominant allele for normal color vision is C. When an X chromosome contains the dominant allele, the allele is written as XC. When an X chromosome contains the recessive allele, the allele is written as Xc. Make sure to distinguish clearly between your big C and little c.
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10. What is the genotype of a male with red-green color blindness (remember that males are XY)?
Answer:
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11. What is the genotype of a female who is not color-blind but is a carrier of red-green color blindness (remember that females are XX)?
Answer:
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12. Even though red-green color blindne
