Of this and similar passages declaring the power of federal pre-emption even if the states are having real problems with immigration, Professor Olivas of the University of Houston points to upcoming cases involving challenges to other anti-immigration laws, including an even tougher piece of legislation out of Alabama. "If I were an Alabama legislator," or someone hoping to restrict immigration in that state, he said, "I would not be relieved" by a Supreme Court decision that upheld only one of the four sections of the Arizona law.Kathleen C. Kim, a professor at Loyola Law School in Los Angeles, agreed. “I would think that the Alabama law, which is far more sweeping than the federal law – much more of it would be pre-empted.